发布：广州某某机械有限公司
From "National Directory of Hazardous Wastes", "Water Pollutant Discharge Standards for Textile Dyeing and Finishing Industry", to "Environmental Compliance Guidelines for Printing and Dyeing Enterprises", the pressure of the environment is forcing the transformation and upgrading of the printing and dyeing industry step by step. Large households are also large sewage dischargers. At present, development in many places has been restricted, and the reshuffle of the printing and dyeing industry is intensified.
In recent years, the country has paid more and more attention to ecological and environmental protection, the environmental protection supervision of the printing and dyeing industry has become more stringent, and the operating standards of printing and dyeing enterprises have been tightened. In 2016, the "Thirteenth Five-Year Development Guidance for the Printing and Dyeing Industry" was released. The plan pointed out that during the "13th Five-Year" period, in accordance with the overall requirements for structural adjustment and industrial upgrading of the printing and dyeing industry, market demand-oriented, technological progress and management Innovation, energy conservation and emission reduction are the means to enhance the overall level of the industry and international competitiveness. At the same time, various localities have introduced relevant environmental protection policies to guide the green development of the printing and dyeing industry.
1. Tighter environmental protection policies promote the upgrading of the printing and dyeing industry structure
Traditional printing and dyeing is a high-pollution, high-energy-consuming industry, and its low entry barriers and low industry concentration in the early stages of development have caused a general overcapacity in the low-end and low-end industries, and the problems of environmental pollution and energy consumption are more serious. In view of this, in recent years, the country has paid more and more attention to ecological environmental protection, the environmental protection supervision of the printing and dyeing industry has become more stringent, and the operating standards of printing and dyeing enterprises have been tightened.
At the same time, the state has also continued to guide and promote the healthy and orderly development of the printing and dyeing industry through the formulation and regulation of industrial policies, focusing on the promotion of intelligent textile manufacturing, and improving the production efficiency, performance functions, and automation and digitalization of equipment;
Accelerate the process of green development, formulate research and development of common key technologies for energy conservation and emission reduction in the "13th Five-Year Plan" industry; speed up technological transformation of enterprises, support printing and dyeing enterprises to speed up upgrading and transformation in accordance with the principle of equal or reduced pollutant emissions, and promote cleaner production and green manufacturing in the textile industry Level etc.
In order to further standardize the management of the printing and dyeing industry, and speed up the adjustment of the industry structure and transformation and upgrading, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has issued two industry standard documents, the "Access Conditions for the Printing and Dyeing Industry (2010 Revised Edition)" and the "Interim Measures for the Administration of Access Announcements for Printing and Dyeing Enterprises". It was revised, and the "Regulations for Printing and Dyeing Industry (2017 Edition)" and "Interim Measures for the Administration of Regulatory Announcements for Printing and Dyeing Enterprises" were formed and issued.
The two new versions of documents will be implemented on October 1, 2017, and the two old versions of documents will be repealed at the same time. It is understood that the 2017 version of the printing and dyeing industry specifications stipulates that companies are prohibited from using equipment that does not meet environmental protection requirements, the product quality qualification rate reaches more than 95%, and the product energy consumption and fresh water intake must meet the specified requirements.
2. "Thirteenth Five-Year" development guidance to accelerate the green development process of the printing and dyeing industry
In 2016, the “Thirteenth Five-Year Development Guidance for the Printing and Dyeing Industry” was released. The plan pointed out that during the “Thirteenth Five-Year” period, in accordance with the overall requirements for structural adjustment and industrial upgrading of the printing and dyeing industry, market demand-oriented, technological progress and management Innovation, energy conservation and emission reduction are the means to enhance the overall level of the industry and international competitiveness. With the goal of increasing quality and efficiency and sustainable development, we will adhere to innovation-driven, quality-first, green development, and structural optimization, and accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the printing and dyeing industry through the transformation of production management mode, the improvement of equipment technology and the adjustment of product structure.
3. The "Industrial Structure Adjustment Guidance Catalog" classifies encouraged, restricted and eliminated projects
In 2019, the "Industrial Structure Adjustment Guidance Catalog" (2019 edition) issued by the National Development and Reform Commission is divided into three categories: encouraged, restricted, and eliminated. The main contents involved in the printing and dyeing industry are as follows:
The tightening of environmental protection supervision and the regulation of industrial policies, on the one hand, have raised the barriers to entry for the printing and dyeing industry. Only through process improvement and environmental protection can existing printing and dyeing enterprises meet the requirements of cleaner production, energy saving and emission reduction, some of which are heavy pollution and low technology , Small and medium-sized enterprises with poor profitability withdraw because they are unwilling or unable to bear the costs of environmental protection and technological transformation, thereby accelerating industry integration, eliminating industry backward production capacity, and increasing industry concentration;
On the other hand, guiding printing and dyeing enterprises to actively upgrade equipment, intelligent transformation, technological innovation, improve production efficiency, optimize product structure, and increase product added value, so as to meet the development trend of deep processing, high-end, and functional textiles.
4. China's printing and dyeing industry is concentrated in 5 provinces in East China and South China, and various regions have issued environmental protection policies to guide the green development of the industry
The printing and dyeing industry is a labor-intensive industry and has a significant demand for labor and water resources. Therefore, the printing and dyeing industry is mostly concentrated in densely populated and water-rich areas. In recent years, due to environmental pressures, rising costs and other factors, many outdated production capacities have been eliminated, the development trend of industry concentration is obvious, and the regional concentration has further increased. At present, the output of my country's printing and dyeing industry is mainly concentrated in the five provinces of East China and South China (Zhejiang, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Fujian and Shandong). In recent years, the output of printing and dyeing fabrics in the five provinces has accounted for more than 90% of the country.
1) Zhejiang's printing and dyeing industry has long ranked first in the country in the output of printing and dyeing fabrics. In recent years, the output of printing and dyeing fabrics has accounted for more than 50% of the country. In recent years, Zhejiang Province has implemented a series of industry rectification and improvement policies ("Zhejiang Province's Action Plan for Comprehensive Transformation and Upgrade of Traditional Manufacturing Industries (2017-2020)", "Supplementary Opinions on Supporting the Upgrading and Upgrading of Printing and Dyeing Industry", etc.) to promote the province Sustainable development of the printing and dyeing industry. The discharge of wastewater in various parts of the province has been reduced by more than 25%-30%, the recycling rate of printing and dyeing wastewater has reached more than 35%-50%, the level of printing and dyeing equipment has been greatly improved, and the advanced technology of energy saving and water saving has been widely promoted and applied.
2) The printing and dyeing industry in Jiangsu Province has a long history, and its printing and dyeing capacity ranks second in the country. The export share of the printing and dyeing industry accounts for 1/3 of the total export of printing and dyeing processing in the country. The printing and dyeing industry in Jiangsu Province is mainly concentrated in the Taihu Lake Basin, and the printing and dyeing enterprises are mainly distributed in Changzhou, Suzhou, Wuxi and Zhenjiang. Among them, the number of printing and dyeing enterprises in Suzhou is the largest. The issuance and implementation of the new "Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in Lake Taihu of Jiangsu Province" and strict environmental access requirements have forced the transformation and upgrading of the printing and dyeing industry in the Taihu Basin of Jiangsu Province to promote the scientific, orderly and green development of the printing and dyeing industry.
3) The printing and dyeing bases in Fujian Province are mainly in Changle, Shishi, Jinjiang and other places. Changle mainly produces warp knitted printing and dyeing fabrics. The total production capacity of knitted printing and dyeing is slightly larger than Shishi. Shishi mainly uses weft knitted printing and dyeing fabrics. Among them, Shishi is a city with textile and clothing as its leading industry, and has successively won the titles of "China's Famous Leisure Clothing City", "First Batch of National Textile Model Industrial Clusters" and "Ten Demonstration Clusters of National Clothing Industry".
4) Guangdong Province is a major textile province in the country. The development scale of the printing and dyeing industry has consciously adjusted its structure along with the improvement of product quality and standards in international trade and the constraints of environmental factors. For example, Shenzhen gradually withdrew from the printing and dyeing industry in this century; with the adjustment of urban functions, Guangzhou and other places implemented measures such as "retreat from two to enter three" and retreated to the suburbs for development. After continuous adjustment and upgrading, Guangdong's printing and dyeing industry ranks among the top in the country in terms of production capacity, technology, craftsmanship and equipment.
5) Shandong's printing and dyeing industry has been the main force of the national printing and dyeing industry for many years, and it has been in the forefront of the country in terms of production scale, product quality, technological innovation, foreign exchange earning from exports, development speed, and brand building. Since the 1990s, the development of Shandong's printing and dyeing industry has entered a rapid period. A large number of outstanding enterprises have been built and expanded, such as Huafang Co., Ltd., Yuyue Home Textiles, Dahai Group, Phoenix Printing and Dyeing, etc. Plays an important role.
According to calculations, the completion of the "1+7" regional shared factory system for the printing and dyeing industry will basically fill the gap in Shandong's printing and dyeing capacity. At the same time, it is estimated that it will increase sales revenue of 22 billion yuan, profit of 2.1 billion yuan, and profit and tax of 4 billion yuan each year; It can save 68 million tons of water, 80 million kWh of electricity, 4.1 million tons of steam, and 64 million tons of sewage emissions, which will drive the province's textile and garment industry to increase revenue by more than 100 billion yuan.
On the whole, with the continuous strengthening of environmental protection supervision, some small and medium-sized enterprises that cannot afford the cost of the "three wastes" treatment will face impact, while medium and large-scale printing and dyeing enterprises continue to improve environmental protection facilities and enhance market competition by virtue of their management, capital and scale advantages To increase market share. Under the guidance of policies, the printing and dyeing industry will further optimize the industrial structure, and the degree of industry standardization will continue to increase.
